The gaokao, China’s college entrance exams, have always been a significant event in the lives of Chinese students. This year, a record number of 12.91 million people are registered to sit for the exams, marking an increase of 980,000 from the previous year. The gaokao has traditionally been seen as a „destiny-changer“ for students, as it was the primary pathway to top universities and promising job prospects. However, as higher education has become more popularized and the talent selection criteria have diversified, the gaokao’s role in shaping students‘ futures has diminished.
The gaokao examinees this year are entering college at a time when the youth unemployment rate in China is on the rise. With 11.58 million college graduates expected this year, the competition for jobs is fierce. As a result, experts are urging both students and universities to change their perspectives. Instead of viewing a university degree as the master key to an ideal job, students should focus on honing their skills and meeting the needs of society.
Security measures at exam sites have been heightened this year, with local police cordoning off areas and implementing facial recognition systems to prevent cheating. The first day of the gaokao also marked the first year after China downgraded its management of COVID-19. While few students were seen wearing masks at exam sites, cities have contingency plans in place to redirect examinees to back-up sites if they test positive for the virus.
The pressure and anxiety surrounding the gaokao are palpable, with students and their families going to great lengths to ensure success. Some mothers don traditional Chinese costumes to bring good luck to their children, while the entire society enters „gaokao time,“ with discussions on social media dominated by topics related to the exams.
Despite the challenges and uncertainties, educators are emphasizing the importance of changing perspectives. The gaokao is no longer the sole determinant of a student’s future, as universities are expanding their admission criteria to include factors beyond exam scores. Students are encouraged to focus on improving their abilities and learning practical skills, rather than fixating on attending prestigious schools.
As the job market becomes increasingly competitive, it is crucial for both students and universities to adapt to the changing landscape. With the government rolling out policies to support young people in finding employment, the focus should shift towards cultivating talents that are useful for society and the country. Universities are introducing new majors to meet the evolving needs of the job market, reflecting a shift towards practical and relevant education.
In conclusion, the gaokao remains a significant milestone for Chinese students, but its role in shaping their futures is evolving. As students navigate the challenges of the exams and the uncertainties of the job market, a shift in perspective towards practical skills and societal needs is essential for success in the changing landscape of higher education and employment in China.