The US Army is currently engaged in testing high-energy laser weapons against drones in the Middle East, leading to the development of new prototypes aimed at enhancing sustainability and potentially lowering power requirements for smaller vehicles and robots. One such prototype being tested this year is the Directed Energy Maneuver Short-Range Air Defense (DE M-SHORAD) mounted on Strykers, along with a 20-kilowatt Palletized High Energy Laser (P-HEL).
According to Lt. Gen. Robert Rasch, the Director of Rapid Capabilities and Critical Technologies Office (RCCTO), the Army has been working with industry to improve the reliability of these systems. The goal is to produce high-energy laser systems that can effectively target unmanned aerial systems (UAS) within the range of group one through three. The service is currently collecting industry white papers for a new prototyping effort, with plans for a competitive phase in fiscal 2025 and a final selection in FY26.
The Army is not specifying a particular vehicle for mounting these lasers but is encouraging companies to consider using the Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) for the prototyping phase. The flexibility to mount lasers on various platforms is essential, with the potential for future integration onto unmanned ground vehicles like the Robotic Combat Vehicle (RCV). While challenges exist in terms of power requirements for these vehicles, it is believed that advancements in technology will make it feasible in the future.
In terms of the laser itself, the focus is on fluence and in-theater maintainability. The ability to conduct maintenance on laser systems in a dusty environment without the need for a sterile environment is crucial for sustainability. Companies like BlueHalo, a key player in the directed energy space, are already working on designing modular parts to enhance ease of maintenance and operation in the field.
The competition field for these directed energy prototypes is expected to be competitive, with companies like BlueHalo gearing up to participate. A 20-to-30-kilowatt class laser is seen as the sweet spot for the competition, with a focus on modular design to facilitate on-site maintenance. While some components may still require a clean room for maintenance, advancements in technology are making it possible to conduct repairs and replacements in the field.
Overall, the US Army’s continued efforts in testing and prototyping high-energy laser weapons demonstrate a commitment to enhancing air defense capabilities and exploring innovative solutions for future warfare scenarios. With a focus on sustainability, flexibility, and maintainability, these prototypes have the potential to revolutionize the way the Army engages with aerial threats in the modern battlefield.