Jordanian authorities have been using the country’s new cybercrimes law to suppress freedom of expression, particularly targeting pro-Palestine sentiment, according to a report by human rights organization Amnesty International. The report reveals that at least 15 individuals have been prosecuted under the law for criticizing authorities online since its enactment on August 13, 2023.
The amendments introduced in the 2023 cybercrimes law build upon the existing 2015 law, allowing for the prosecution of individuals without a personal complaint, especially when the offense is related to governmental figures or entities. The law’s scope is broad, encompassing offenses such as spreading fake news, provoking strife, threatening societal peace, and showing contempt for religions.
Amnesty International’s deputy director for the Middle East and North Africa, Aya Majzoub, expressed concern over the Jordanian authorities‘ use of the cybercrimes law to curtail freedom of expression, association, and peaceful assembly. The crackdown has particularly targeted pro-Palestine activism and criticism of government policies towards Israel, creating an atmosphere of self-censorship and limiting dissent in Jordan.
The report highlights the case of lawyer and activist Moutaz Awwad, who was convicted under the cybercrimes law for provoking sedition or strife. A criminal court imposed a fine of 5,000 Jordanian Dinars (approximately $7,000) on Awwad for his social media posts criticizing Arab governments‘ policies towards Israel and expressing pro-Palestine sentiments.
In the aftermath of the 7 October attacks, Jordanian authorities have intensified their crackdown on pro-Palestine protests and social media posts. Journalists and activists participating in demonstrations in front of the Israeli embassy during Ramadan or accusing the government of assisting in intercepting Iranian missiles destined for Israel have faced convictions and arrests without prior notice.
Amnesty International calls for the repeal or significant amendment of the cybercrimes law to align it with international human rights standards. Criticism of government policies and actions should be considered legitimate forms of expression and not criminalized. The organization urges Jordanian authorities to respect freedom of expression and ensure that individuals can express their opinions without fear of reprisal.
The use of the cybercrimes law to stifle dissent and suppress pro-Palestine sentiment raises concerns about the state of freedom of expression in Jordan. It is essential for the government to uphold human rights principles and protect the rights of individuals to express their views without facing prosecution or harassment. Amnesty International’s report sheds light on the challenges facing freedom of expression in Jordan and calls for urgent action to safeguard this fundamental right.