On 15 August 2024, the Cyber Security Act (CSA) 2023 in Bangladesh came under scrutiny by Amnesty International for its repressive nature and its impact on civic space and human rights. The briefing titled „Repackaging Repression: The Cyber Security Act and the Continuing Lawfare Against Dissent in Bangladesh“ highlighted how the CSA mirrors the oppressive provisions of the Digital Security Act (DSA) 2018 and the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Act 2006, which have been used to target journalists, human rights defenders, and dissidents.
According to the report, the CSA has been weaponized to crackdown on dissent, as seen in cases where individuals were arrested for criticizing the government on social media or sharing satirical content. The interim government was urged to repeal laws like the CSA that undermine freedom of expression, liberty, and privacy in Bangladesh.
Amnesty International’s Regional Researcher for South Asia, Taqbir Huda, emphasized the need to end the legacy of quashing dissent and called for the repeal of repressive laws like the Cyber Security Act. The report presented a detailed analysis of the CSA and highlighted the pattern of cases filed under it, showcasing the wider crackdown on civic space by the authorities.
One of the key points raised in the briefing was the similarity between the CSA and its predecessor, the DSA. The report noted that the CSA retained most provisions of the DSA, with only minor changes or additions. The Cyber Security Act was criticized for maintaining authoritarian speech offenses that were used to stifle peaceful dissent.
The unchecked powers granted to authorities under the CSA were also highlighted, with concerns raised about the arbitrary nature of searches, arrests, and data seizures. The lack of judicial oversight and transparency in the process of blocking or removing online content was a cause for alarm, as it could lead to further suppression of dissent.
Self-censorship was identified as a growing concern, with individuals refraining from speaking out due to fear of reprisal under the Cyber Security Act. Cases of individuals being charged for defaming government officials on social media highlighted the chilling effect of the law on freedom of expression.
Amnesty International called on the Interim Government of Bangladesh to repeal or amend the Cyber Security Act to align with international human rights standards. The release of individuals detained under repressive laws and the dropping of charges against them were also urged to ensure the protection of human rights in the country.
In conclusion, the briefing shed light on the repressive nature of the Cyber Security Act in Bangladesh and the need for urgent reforms to safeguard freedom of expression and human rights in the country.