The Increase in the Qualifications of the Migrant Population in Southern Europe
The beginning of the 21st century has brought about significant changes in migration trends in Southern Europe, particularly in countries like Spain. One of the most notable shifts has been the increase in the qualifications of the migrant population, both internal and international. This trend marks a departure from the historical dominance of low-skilled migration that had been prevalent since the Industrial Revolution.
Studies on skilled migration have primarily focused on the positive impacts on economic development in host countries, the benefits of knowledge circulation, and the contributions to public revenue. However, there has been less emphasis on the implications of skilled migration at the local level.
At the turn of the century, Richard Florida popularized the concept of the creative class, advocating for the attraction of talent and skilled human capital to Western cities as a means of fostering economic growth. However, concerns have been raised about the potential negative effects of highly qualified migrants on local communities, such as exacerbating housing market tensions and gentrification processes.
One city that exemplifies the impact of the increase in qualifications of the migrant population is Barcelona. Over the past decade, the influx of university graduates to the city has doubled, with approximately 200,000 foreign-born individuals with higher education now residing in Barcelona. This represents nearly half of the foreign-born population over the age of 20. Interestingly, the percentage of foreign-born individuals with higher education now exceeds that of the Spanish-born population in the city.
The concentration of highly qualified migrants in central cities like Barcelona has raised concerns about socio-spatial fractures and the potential for exacerbating inequalities. While the influx of skilled migrants can bring economic benefits, it also poses challenges in terms of housing affordability and social cohesion.
In conclusion, the increase in the qualifications of the migrant population in Southern Europe reflects a broader shift in migration trends towards attracting skilled human capital. While this trend can bring economic opportunities, it also raises important questions about the impact on local communities and the need for inclusive urban development strategies. As migration continues to shape the demographic landscape of cities like Barcelona, it is crucial to consider the implications of skilled migration on a local level to ensure sustainable and equitable growth.