In the internal clinics of the University Hospital L. Pasteur (UNLP) in Košice, mushroom intoxications are on the rise. Over the past two weeks, 11 people have been hospitalized due to inappropriate mushroom consumption, with seven of them requiring intensive care. One case involved poisoning from the green false parasol mushroom.
Mushrooms are delicious, but they can also be toxic if not properly identified and prepared. „Mobile applications are often used to distinguish between different types of mushrooms, but they may not always be completely reliable guides,“ warned hospital spokesperson Ladislava Šustová. According to her, nature enthusiasts can avoid health issues from mushroom consumption by following expert recommendations.
It is crucial not to pick or consume mushrooms that are unfamiliar or uncertain, too old or too young. Mushrooms should not be stored for long periods, and they must be adequately cooked. „Controversial mushrooms should not be consumed, especially by children under ten years old, pregnant and breastfeeding women,“ added Šustová.
The symptoms of mushroom poisoning depend on the specific type, quantity, and method of processing, as different varieties contain different toxins. They also vary based on the age of the consumer and any underlying health conditions. „The most common symptoms are gastrointestinal, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, cramps, and abdominal pain. These can occur from toxic mushrooms or from edible mushrooms that have been improperly stored or prepared,“ explained Lucia Kizeková, deputy head of the IV. Internal Clinic at UNLP.
Some types of mushrooms, like certain Amanitas and some false morels, can induce neurotoxic symptoms such as dry mouth, facial flushing, rapid heartbeat, warmth, disorientation, or restlessness. Hallucinogenic symptoms are typical for certain Psilocybe mushrooms.
Kizeková emphasizes the importance of not underestimating symptoms and seeking medical help as soon as difficulties arise. If parts of mushrooms or whole fruiting bodies are available, they should be brought along. „After examining the intoxicated patient, we contact the National Toxicological Information Center. We collect blood and urine samples, as well as mushroom samples, and send them for analysis to the Institute of Forensic Medicine. The patient is usually hospitalized. Treatment depends on the symptoms and the results of toxicological analysis,“ added the doctor, highlighting the green false parasol mushroom, which can be mistaken for other edible mushrooms like the parasol mushroom or the field mushroom.
While initial difficulties from poisoning may improve, it is only temporary. „On the fourth or fifth day, coma, liver, and kidney failure can occur,“ warns the expert.
In conclusion, it is essential to be cautious when consuming mushrooms, ensuring they are correctly identified, prepared, and stored to avoid any potential health risks. If symptoms of poisoning occur, seeking immediate medical attention is crucial to prevent further complications.